Not iTunes, but you can use libimobiledevice to backup an Apple device on Linux https://docs.mvt.re/en/latest/ios/backup/libimobiledevice/
Hardware: Main server Ryzen 7 3900XT with 64GB of ram, two 240GB ssds running in raid1, two 4tb hard drives running in raid1, running proxmox with mostly alpine linux VMs
Secondary Server: Intel nuc running alpinelinux, only running secondary unbound/dnsmasq server so if my main server goes down, dns still works.
Late 2013 iMac: I was using it to run an iMessage to matrix bridge but I was not able to get it to work so now I just vnc into it to text. (suggestions welcome as vnc is annoying)
I also have another intel nuc that does not do anything.
All of these servers are connected to an APC back-ups UPS.
IP changes are not your concern. It is likely that your ISP blocks outgoing port 25, you can check with
nc gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com 25
and if you don’t get any output its blocked. If you don’t have very many users on your Pterodactyl server, I would suggest just using a gmail account with SMTP in pterodactyl. If you have port 25 unblocked and want to selfhost email, mailcow is a great option and really easy to set up.